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2.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 52(1): 75-81, Jan.-Feb. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-844099

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to report the results of the first series of cases of fresh ostechondral allografts in the knee joint in Brazil with a minimum follow-up of two years. METHODS: A protocol of procurement, harvesting, processing, and utilization of fresh osteochondral allografts in the knee joint was established, beginning with legislation modifications, graft harvesting techniques, immediate processing, storage of fresh grafts, and utilization of two surgical techniques of osteochondral transplantation. Eight patients were treated and followed-up for a minimum of two years. RESULTS: Patients were evaluated with subjective IKDC, KOOS, and modified Merle D'Aubigne and Postel questionnaires. Mean subjective IKDC score was 31.99 ± 13.4 preoperative and 81.26 ± 14.7 at the latest follow-up; preoperative KOOS score was 46.8 ± 20.9 and postoperative was 85.24 ± 13.9, indicating a significant improvement over time (p < 0.01). Mean modified Merle D'Aubigne-Postel score was 8.75 ± 2.25, preoperatively, and 16.1 ± 2.59 postoperatively. Friedman test for non-parametric samples demonstrated a significant improvement in postoperative scores (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The use of fresh osteochondral allografts in Brazil is a safe procedure, with good clinical results in the short- and medium-term for the treatment of osteochondral lesions greater than 4 cm2 in the knee joint.


RESUMO OBJETIVO: Relatar os resultados dos primeiros casos de transplante osteocondral a fresco na articulação do joelho no Brasil com um mínimo de seguimento de dois anos. MÉTODOS: Foi feito um protocolo de captação, processamento e uso de transplantes osteocondrais a fresco na articulação do joelho. Iniciou-se com modificações na legislação vigente, técnicas de captação de enxertos, processamento imediato, armazenamento a fresco dos enxertos e uso de duas técnicas cirúrgicas de transplante osteocondral. Oito pacientes foram transplantados e acompanhados com mínimo de dois anos de seguimento. RESULTADOS: Os pacientes foram avaliados por meio dos questionários do International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjetivo, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) e índice de Merle D'Aubigne e Postel modificado. A média da pontuação da escala IKDC subjetiva pré-operatória foi de 31,99 ± 13,4 e de 81,26 ± 14,7 no pós-operatório e da escala KOOS pré-operatória foi de 46,8 ± 20,9 e de 85,24 ± 13,9 no pós-operatório, com melhoria significativa ao longo do tempo (p < 0,01). A média da pontuação pelo índice de Merle D'Aubigne e Postel modificado foi de 8,75 ± 2,25 no pré-operatório e de 16,1 ± 2,59 no pós-operatório. O resultado do teste de Friedman para amostras não paramétricas demonstrou melhoria significativa ao longo do tempo (p < 0,01). CONCLUSÕES: O transplante osteocondral a fresco no Brasil é um procedimento seguro, com bons resultados clínicos em curto e médio prazo para o tratamento de lesões osteocondrais maiores do que 4 cm2 na articulação do joelho.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Cartilage, Articular , Knee Injuries , Orthopedics , Transplantation, Homologous
3.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 50(2): 159-163, Mar-Apr/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-748342

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze occurrences of trochlear dysplasia in patients with Down syndrome in the presence and absence of femoropatellar instability. METHODS: Eleven knees with stable patellae and thirteen with unstable patellae in patients with Down syndrome were compared. Radiographs were produced to evaluate patellar height, trochlear angle and femoropatellar congruence angle. RESULTS: The prevalence ratio for a high patella between the unstable and the stable patients was 1.01 using the Insall-Salvati index and 0.68 using the Caton-Deschamps index. For an abnormal congruence angle, the prevalence ratio was 2.04. An increased congruence angle was only found in four cases, all presenting instability. CONCLUSIONS: Trochlear dysplasia was only found in cases of instability. The trochlear groove angle and the femoropatellar congruence angle correlated with the presence of patellar instability. .


OBJETIVO: Analisar displasia troclear em pacientes portadores de síndrome de Down na presença e na ausência da instabilidade femoropatelar. MÉTODOS: Comparação de 11 joelhos com patelas estáveis e 13 joelhos com patelas instáveis em portadores de síndrome de Down. Foram feitas radiografias em que foram avaliados altura patelar, ângulo da tróclea e ângulo de congruência femoropatelar. RESULTADOS: A razão de prevalência de patela alta entre os pacientes instáveis e os pacientes estáveis foi de 1,01 para o índice de Insall-Salvati e de 0,68 para o índice de Caton-Deschamps. Para o ângulo de congruência alterado, a razão de prevalência foi de 2,04. O ângulo de congruência aumentado foi encontrado apenas em quatro casos, todos com instabilidade. CONCLUSÕES: A displasia da tróclea foi encontrada apenas em casos de instabilidade, o ângulo do sulco da tróclea e o ângulo de congruência femoropatelar se correlacionaram com a presença de instabilidade patelar. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Down Syndrome , Knee , Patellar Dislocation
4.
São Paulo; s.n; 2015. [147] p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-870766

ABSTRACT

O tratamento das lesões condrais e osteocondrais do joelho em pacientes jovens ainda permanece um desafio para os médicos ortopedistas. As técnicas de reparo destas lesões atualmente disponíveis no Brasil, como desbridamento, microfraturas e transplante osteocondral autólogo são insuficientes nos tratamentos das lesões condrais e osteocondrais maiores do que 4 cm2. O transplante osteocondral homólogo a fresco (TOF) na articulação do joelho vem sendo usado em outros países com excelentes resultados. Até o presente momento não existem relatos da utilização desta técnica no Brasil, fato que dificulta o tratamento de pacientes jovens ativos que necessitam de reparo biológico. Foram incluídos neste estudo oito pacientes de 15 a 45 anos portadores de lesões osteocondrais maiores que 4 cm2. Os enxertos a fresco foram obtidos de doadores de órgãos, sendo a articulação do joelho captada sem violação da cápsula articular e transportada ao Banco de Tecidos para processamento. O pareamento doador e receptor foi realizado conforme o tamanho, a localização e a prioridade em lista de espera de acordo com os tecidos captados, sendo os mesmos armazenados no meio de preservação Ham F-12 - GIBCO com glutamax (Invitrogen, Life Technologies, Estados Unidos) e com antibióticos. O procedimento cirúrgico foi realizado pelas técnicas de cilindro osteocondral e de superfície, sendo fixados quando necessário. Os pacientes foram avaliados através dos questionários de IKDC objetivo, IKDC subjetivo, KOOS e índice de Merle D'Aubigne e Postel modificado. Foram realizados oito TOFs de março a outubro de 2012. A média de idade dos pacientes transplantados foi de 30,1 anos (17- 44 anos) e a média da área transplantada foi de 10,6 cm2 (4,6 - 22,4 cm2). O intervalo médio em dias entre captação e transplante foi de 15,3 (14 - 16 dias) e o número médio de cirurgias prévias ao TOF foi de 2 cirurgias (0-4 cirurgias). A pontuação na escala de IKDC objetiva no pré-operatório foi B em 12%, C em...


Treatment of chondral and osteochondral lesions of the knee in young patients is still a challenge for Orthopedic Surgeons. The techniques available nowadays in Brazil, as debridement, microfracture and autologous osteochondral transplantation are insufficient for the treatment of chondral and osteochondral lesions larger than 4 cm2. Fresh osteochondral allografts on the knee joint have been used in other countries with great success. Until the present days there are no reports of the utilization of this technique in Brazil, a fact that creates boundaries for the treatment of young active patients that need cartilage repair treatment. Eight patients with age ranging from 15 to 45 years old and osteochondral lesions larger than 4 cm2 were included in this study. Fresh grafts were obtained from organ donors and the knee joint was harvest without violation of synovium capsule and then was transported to the tissue bank for processing. Donor and receptor tissue matching occurred according to size, localization and priority on waiting list and tissue was preserved in Ham F-12 - GIBCO media with glutamax (Invitrogen, Life Technologies, United States) and antibiotics. Surgical procedure was achieved with osteochondral plugs or shell techniques, with additional fixation when needed. Patients were evaluated with IKDC objective, IKDC subjective, KOOS and modified Merle D'Aubigne-Postel outcome scores. Eight fresh osteochondral allografts were performed from march to october, 2012. The average age was 30.1 years old (17-44) and mean graft surface area was 10.6 cm2 (4.6 - 22.4 cm2). Average time from harvest to transplantation was 15.3 days (14-16 days) and mean number of previous surgical procedures was 2 (0 - 4 procedures). Pre-operative objective IKDC score was B in 12%, C in 25% and D in 63% and was A in 12% and B in 88% in 18 months follow-up. Pre-operative IKDC subjective and KOOS score were 31.99 ± 13.4 and 46.8 ± 20.9; and in 18 months...


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Cartilage, Articular , Knee Injuries , Orthopedics , Transplantation, Homologous
5.
Clinics ; 69(11): 735-739, 11/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-731107

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Healing is an event that is fundamental to the success of total knee arthroplasty. The aims of the present study were to compare the rates of complications related to wound healing between two groups of volunteers submitted to total knee arthroplasty and to evaluate the effects of postoperative oxygen supplementation by means of a nasal catheter. METHOD: A total of 109 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty were randomized into two groups, namely, groups that did and did not receive postoperative oxygen supplementation via a nasal catheter. The surgical wound was monitored every day during the hospital stay and on the 7th, 14th, 21st, 30th and 42nd postoperative days. Characteristics related to healing were observed, including hyperemia, dehiscence, necrosis, phlyctenules and deep and superficial infection. RESULTS: There were no cases of deep infection. Hyperemia was statistically correlated with the total number of complications in the groups, with oxygen demonstrated to be a protective factor against hyperemia. Approximately 30% of the patients who exhibited hyperemia had other complications, independent of oxygen supplementation. CONCLUSION: Oxygen supplementation following total knee arthroplasty was shown to be effective in diminishing hyperemia around the operative wound. The development of hyperemia was a precursor to other complications, irrespective of whether oxygen supplementation was used. .


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects , Oxygen Inhalation Therapy/methods , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Wound Healing , Hyperemia/prevention & control , Postoperative Period , Risk Factors , Statistics, Nonparametric , Surgical Wound Infection/etiology , Surgical Wound Infection/prevention & control , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
6.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 18(1): 28-33, Jan-Feb/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-703048

ABSTRACT

Background: Septic arthritis is an infrequent disease although very important due to the possibility of disastrous outcomes if treatment is not adequately established. Adequate information concerning the epidemiology of septic arthritis is still lacking due to the uncommon nature of the disease as well as the struggle to establish a correct case-definition. Objective: To epidemiologically characterize the population seen at Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo with a diagnosis of septic arthritis between 2006 and 2011. Methods: Sixty-one patients diagnosed with septic arthritis of the knee between 2006 and 2011 were retrospectively evaluated. The patients' clinical and epidemiological characteristics, the microorganisms that caused the infection and the patients' treatment and evolution were analyzed. Results: Septic arthritis of the knee was more common among men, with distribution across a variety of age ranges. Most diagnoses were made through positive synovial fluid cultures. The most prevalent clinical comorbidities were systemic arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and the most commonly reported joint disease was osteoarthritis. Staphylococcus aureus was the prevailing pathogen. Fever was present in 36% of the cases. All patients presented elevation in inflammatory tests. Gram staining was positive in only 50.8% of the synovial fluid samples analyzed. Six patients presented complications and unfavorable evolution of their condition. Conclusion: S. aureus is still the most common pathogen in acute knee infections in our environment. Gram staining, absence of fever and normal leukocyte count cannot be used to rule out septic arthritis. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Arthritis, Infectious/epidemiology , Knee Joint , Arthritis, Infectious/microbiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Synovial Fluid/microbiology
7.
Acta ortop. bras ; 21(1): 23-26, jan.-fev. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-670852

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Mostrar nossa experiência com haste não-cimentadas press-fit e fixação metafisária com cimento em série selecionada de pacientes que realizaram revisão de artroplastia total do joelho. Métodos: Trinta e quatro pacientes (35 joelhos) foram submetidos a revisão de artroplastia total do joelho usando técnica "press-fit". Seguimento mínimo foi de um ano (média de 2,2 anos) e máximo de três anos. Resultados: Dos 34 pacientes, 20 foram mulheres e 14 foram homens. Houve um óbito por causa não relacionada a artroplastia e perda de seguimento de um paciente. Não houve nenhum caso em que fosse necessária nova revisão. Os pacientes que foram submetidos à revisão apresentaram melhora clínica e funcional demonstrado pelos resultados do KSS, resultados do questionário de qualidade de vida SF-36, através do ganho de amplitude de movimento e da melhora no alinhamento do membro. Conclusão: Houve melhora clínica e funcional no pós-operatório em relação ao pré-operatório na revisão de artroplastia total do Joelho com haste não cimentada "press-fit". Nível de Evidência IV, Série de casos.


Objective: To show our experience with press-fit cementless stem and metaphyseal fixation with cement in a selected series of patients who underwent revision total knee arthroplasty. Methods: Thirty-four patients (35 knees) underwent revision total knee arthroplasty using the press-fit technique. Minimum follow-up was one year (mean 2.2 years) with a maximum length of three years. Results: Of 34 patients, 20 were women and 14 were men. There was one death due to causes not related to arthroplasty and one patient dropout. There were no cases in which further review was necessary. Patients who underwent revision had clinical and functional improvement demonstrated by the results of the KSS, results of the SF-36 quality of life questionnaire, through gains in range of motion and improved limb alignment. Conclusion: There was postoperative clinical and functional improvement in comparison to the preoperative status in revision total knee arthroplasty with press-fit cementless stem. Level of Evidence IV, Case series.


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/rehabilitation , Knee Prosthesis , Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery , Range of Motion, Articular , Quality of Life , Surveys and Questionnaires , Radiography
8.
Acta ortop. bras ; 20(4): 230-234, 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-644436

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Comparar dois métodos de avaliação da estabilidade dos componentes tibial e femoral nas artroplastias de joelho não cimentadas com plataforma rotatória. MÉTODOS: Para isso foram avaliados 20 pacientes (20 joelhos) através de uma análise de radiografias dinâmicas com intensificador de imagem e manobras de estresse em varo e valgo, que foram comparadas com radiografias estáticas em frente e perfil dos joelhos, analisadas por dois cirurgiões experientes, cegos um em relação ao outro. RESULTADOS: Os resultados das análises estáticas e dinâmicas foram comparados e demonstraram forte correlação estatística (p<0,001), utilizando-se o método Kappa de comparação. CONCLUSÃO: O componente tibial mostrou-se mais instável quando comparado com o componente femoral, tanto na análise estática, quanto na dinâmica. Nível de evidência IV, Série de Casos.


Objetives: Determine the stability of tibial and femoral components of 20 cementless knee arthroplasties with rotating platform. METHODS: The 20 patients (20 knees) underwent an analysis of dynamic radiographs with an image amplifier and maneuvers of varus and valgus which were compared to static frontal and lateral radiographs of the knees and analyzed by two experienced surgeons in a double-blind way. RESULTS: We could observe in this study that both methods showed very similar results for the stability of the tibial and femoral components (p<0,001) using the Kappa method for comparison. CONCLUSION: The tibial component was more unstable in relation to the femoral component in both static and dynamic studies. Level of evidence IV, Case Series.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/rehabilitation , Femur , Knee Prosthesis , Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery , Tibia , Data Interpretation, Statistical
9.
Acta ortop. bras ; 19(6): 368-372, 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-610494

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Considerando a dificuldade para classificar os defeitos ósseos foi feito estudo para avaliar se a classificação de falha óssea da AORI baseada na radiografia pré-operatória é fidedigna e reprodutível entre diferentes médicos. MÉTODOS: Seis ortopedistas com subespecialização em cirurgia do joelho foram treinados para o uso da classificação radiográfica. Esses cirurgiões avaliaram e classificaram isoladamente as falhas ósseas de 26 radiografias de próteses de joelho pré revisão. RESULTADOS: Constatou-se que houve coincidência de >50 por cento (correlação moderada) da classificação em 24 dos 26 casos no fêmur e em 22 dos 26 casos na tíbia; e correlação de >80 por cento (boa correlação) em 12 dos 26 casos no fêmur e em sete dos 26 casos na tíbia. CONCLUSÃO: Em relação à concordância da classificação, observamos que a classificação AORI apresenta moderada correlação inter-observadores. Nível de evidência III, Estudo de pacientes não consecutivos; sem padrão de referencia "ouro" aplicado uniformemente.


OBJECTIVE: Considering the difficulty for classifying bone losses the present study was designed to analyse if the AORI classification based on pre-operative radiographies is consistent and reproductible between different orthopaedic surgeons. METHODS: Six orthopedists specialized in knee surgery were trained for the use of the classification based on radiographic evaluation. All the surgeons individually classified 26 pre operative knee radiographs. RESULTS: There was a moderate (> 50 percent) matching of the classification in 24 of 26 cases in the femur and 22 of 26 in the tibia. A good matching (> 80 percent) was present in 12 of 26 cases in the femur and in 7 of 26 cases in the tibia. CONCLUSION: We observed that the AORI classification presented a moderate radiographic correlation between surgeons. Evidence of level III, Study of nonconsecutive patients; without consistently applied reference ''gold'' standard.


Subject(s)
Humans , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee , Mentoring/methods , Knee , Femur/pathology , Osteolysis , Tibia/pathology
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